Introduction
Type 2 diabetes is a long-term condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar. It is one of the most common forms of diabetes, accounting for 90%–95% of all cases. It is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. It is typically diagnosed in adulthood but can develop at any age. It is characterized by high levels of sugar in the blood, either because the body does not produce enough insulin or because the body’s cells do not properly respond to insulin.
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms of type 2 diabetes can vary from person to person. Common signs and symptoms include: increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, slow-healing cuts and bruises, and frequent infections. If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to speak to your doctor for a diagnosis.
What causes type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. People who are overweight, have a family history of diabetes, are physically inactive, and eat an unhealthy diet are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It is also more common in certain ethnicities, such as African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans.
Diagnosing type 2 diabetes
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of type 2 diabetes, it’s important to speak to your doctor. Your doctor may do a physical exam and order blood tests to check your blood sugar levels and confirm the diagnosis. Other tests may include a urine test, an A1C test, or an oral glucose tolerance test.
Treating type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is typically treated with a combination of lifestyle changes and medication. Lifestyle changes include eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight. Medication may include oral medications, insulin, or other injectable medications. Your doctor will work with you to determine the best treatment plan for you.
Managing type 2 diabetes
Managing type 2 diabetes requires a commitment to making lifestyle changes and taking medications as prescribed. It’s important to monitor your blood sugar levels regularly and to work with your doctor to adjust your medications if needed. Sticking to a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and not smoking are also important for managing type 2 diabetes.
Complications of type 2 diabetes
If type 2 diabetes is not managed properly, it can lead to serious health complications, including heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and nerve damage. It can also lead to vision loss and foot damage. Regular medical care and lifestyle changes can help prevent or delay these complications.
People Also Ask
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body does not produce insulin, while type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which the body does not produce enough insulin or does not properly use the insulin it produces. Type 1 diabetes is more often seen in children, while type 2 diabetes is more common among adults.
What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include being overweight, having a family history of diabetes, being physically inactive, and eating an unhealthy diet. It is also more common in certain ethnicities, such as African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans.
What is the best treatment for type 2 diabetes?
The best treatment for type 2 diabetes is a combination of lifestyle changes and medication. Lifestyle changes include eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight. Medication may include oral medications, insulin, or other injectable medications. Your doctor will work with you to determine the best treatment plan for you.
Pharmacologic Glycemic Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults 2020.
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