Type 2 diabetes is a serious health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin, or the insulin that is produced does not work effectively. The result is high levels of sugar in the blood. Metformin is often prescribed to help people with type 2 diabetes manage their condition. This article will explore how metformin works, how it is taken and the potential side effects.
What is Metformin?
Metformin is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called biguanides. It was initially developed to treat type 2 diabetes, but is now used off-label to treat prediabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as well. Metformin works by decreasing the amount of glucose that is absorbed from food and reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver. It also helps the body use insulin more effectively.
How is Metformin Taken?
Metformin is usually taken once or twice daily with meals. The amount of metformin prescribed will vary, depending on the individual’s needs. It is important to take the medication as prescribed, as taking too much can lead to serious side effects. Metformin is available in pill, liquid and extended-release forms.
What Are the Benefits of Taking Metformin?
One of the main benefits of taking metformin is that it can help improve blood sugar control. It also helps lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney damage and nerve damage, which are all complications of type 2 diabetes. In addition, metformin may lower cholesterol levels and help with weight loss.
What Are the Potential Side Effects of Metformin?
Metformin can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain and loss of appetite. In rare cases, more serious side effects such as lactic acidosis (a build-up of lactic acid in the body) can occur. Other rare side effects include allergic reactions, skin rash, fever, seizures and confusion.
Who Should Avoid Taking Metformin?
Metformin is not suitable for everyone. People with certain conditions such as kidney or liver problems, heart failure, a history of alcohol abuse or certain allergies should not take metformin. It is important to tell your doctor if you have any of these conditions, before taking metformin.
What Are the Alternatives to Metformin?
If metformin is not suitable, there are other medications available to treat type 2 diabetes. These include sulfonylureas, which help the body produce more insulin, and thiazolidinediones, which help the body use insulin more effectively. In addition, lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight can also help to manage type 2 diabetes.
People Also Ask
How Long Does it Take for Metformin to Work?
Metformin usually starts to work within a few days to a week of starting treatment. However, it can take up to three months for the full effects to be seen.
What Happens if I Stop Taking Metformin?
If you stop taking metformin, your blood sugar levels may increase. It is important to speak to your doctor before stopping or changing your medication.
Can I Drink Alcohol While Taking Metformin?
It is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking metformin. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects such as lactic acidosis.
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