Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Drugs Classification

What is diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose). It is caused by an inability of the body to produce enough insulin, the hormone that helps move glucose from the bloodstream into the cells of the body. Without enough insulin, the cells cannot take in and use glucose, leading to high levels of glucose in the bloodstream. This can cause many health problems, including damage to the heart, eyes, kidneys, and other organs. Diabetes mellitus is a very common condition, affecting millions of people around the world.

Types of diabetes mellitus

There are two main types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s own immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. This type of diabetes is usually diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, and is treated with insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells become resistant to the effects of insulin. This type of diabetes is usually diagnosed in adulthood and is treated with lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, and medications.

Diabetes mellitus treatment drugs classification

When treating diabetes mellitus, doctors use a variety of medications to help manage the condition. These medications can be classified into four main categories: insulin, oral medications, injectable medications, and topical medications. Each type of medication works in a different way to help control blood sugar levels, and the type of medication used will depend on the type of diabetes mellitus.

Insulin

Insulin is a hormone that helps move glucose from the bloodstream into the cells of the body. Insulin is usually the first line of treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus, and it can also be used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in some cases. Insulin can be taken as an injection, an oral medication, or a topical medication. The type of insulin used will depend on the type of diabetes mellitus and the individual’s needs.

Oral medications

Oral medications are medications that are taken by mouth. They are usually taken once or twice a day, and can help to control blood sugar levels. Oral medications include sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, and meglitinides. These medications work by increasing the body’s sensitivity to insulin, or by increasing the amount of insulin produced by the body.

Injectable medications

Injectable medications are medications that are injected into the body. These medications are usually used in addition to oral medications, and they can help to control blood sugar levels. Injectable medications include exenatide, liraglutide, albiglutide, and dulaglutide. These medications work by increasing the amount of insulin produced by the body or by increasing the body’s sensitivity to insulin.

Topical medications

Topical medications are medications that are applied to the skin. They are usually used in addition to oral medications, and they can help to control blood sugar levels. Topical medications include insulin patches, gels, and creams. These medications work by increasing the amount of insulin produced by the body or by increasing the body’s sensitivity to insulin.

Conclusion

When it comes to treating diabetes mellitus, there are many different types of medications that can be used. These medications can be classified into four main categories: insulin, oral medications, injectable medications, and topical medications. Each type of medication works in a different way to help control blood sugar levels, and the type of medication used will depend on the type of diabetes mellitus and the individual’s needs. It is important to discuss all of your options with your doctor in order to find the best treatment plan for you.