Diabetes is a common condition that affects millions of people around the world. In Australia, about 1.7 million people have been diagnosed with diabetes, and that number is continuing to grow. Managing diabetes requires a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise and a balanced diet. But for some people, lifestyle changes alone may not be enough to keep their blood sugar levels in check. In these cases, medication can be prescribed to help manage the condition. This article looks at the different types of diabetes medication available in Australia.
Types of Diabetes Medication
Diabetes medication falls into three main categories: oral medications, injectable medications and insulin. These medications can help to lower blood sugar levels, reduce the risk of developing serious complications, and improve overall quality of life.
Oral Medications
Oral medications, also known as tablets, are a popular choice for the management of diabetes. They are usually taken once or twice a day, and work by either increasing the amount of insulin the body produces, or improving the body’s sensitivity to insulin. Common types of oral diabetes medications include metformin, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors.
Injectable Medications
Injectable medications are another option for people with diabetes. These medications are injected directly into the body, usually in the abdomen, and work by either increasing the amount of insulin the body produces, or improving the body’s sensitivity to insulin. Common types of injectable medications include GLP-1 receptor agonists and basal insulin. These medications may be used in combination with oral medications to help control blood sugar levels.
Insulin
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that is essential for the body to use glucose for energy. People with diabetes may require insulin injections in order to control their blood sugar levels. There are several types of insulin available, including rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting. The type of insulin prescribed will depend on the individual’s needs.
Benefits of Diabetes Medication
Taking diabetes medication can help to control blood sugar levels, reduce the risk of developing serious complications, and improve overall quality of life. In addition, some medications can help to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in those who are at risk. It is important to speak with a healthcare professional to determine the best type of medication for your individual needs.
Side Effects of Diabetes Medication
Diabetes medications can have some side effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and headaches. These side effects usually go away after a few days, but if they persist or worsen, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional. Some medications may also increase the risk of developing hypoglycaemia, a condition where the blood sugar levels drop too low.
Cost of Diabetes Medication in Australia
The cost of diabetes medication in Australia can vary depending on the type of medication and the dosage. Generally, oral medications are the least expensive, while insulin is the most expensive. Some medications may be subsidised by the government, which can help reduce the cost. It is important to speak with a healthcare professional for advice about the cost of medications.
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Conclusion
Diabetes medication can be an effective way to manage the condition. There are several types of medications available, including oral medications, injectable medications and insulin. These medications can help to lower blood sugar levels, reduce the risk of developing serious complications, and improve overall quality of life. The cost of medications can vary depending on the type and dosage, but some medications may be subsidised by the government. It is important to speak with a healthcare professional to determine the best type of medication for your individual needs.
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