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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces too much ketone, a type of acid. It’s most commonly seen in type 1 diabetes, but it can also occur in people with type 2 diabetes. DKA is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. If left untreated, it can lead to coma or death.
What Causes Diabetic Ketoacidosis?
DKA is caused by a lack of insulin in the body. Insulin helps the body use glucose for energy. When there is not enough insulin, the body can’t use glucose for energy and instead starts to break down fat for energy. This leads to a build-up of ketones in the body, which leads to DKA.
Other factors that can lead to DKA include infections, certain medications, and skipping insulin doses. It’s important to note that DKA can occur even if you have been following your diabetes treatment plan.
What Are the Symptoms of Diabetic Ketoacidosis?
The most common symptoms of DKA include:
- Frequent urination
- Extreme thirst
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Shortness of breath
- Fruity-smelling breath
- Confusion
If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
How Is Diabetic Ketoacidosis Diagnosed?
Your doctor will diagnose DKA based on your symptoms, medical history, and test results. They will likely do a blood test to measure your ketone levels. They may also do a urine test to measure your glucose and ketone levels. In some cases, they may order an X-ray or CT scan to check for signs of infection.
How Is Diabetic Ketoacidosis Treated?
Treatment for DKA focuses on restoring the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body, as well as correcting the underlying cause of the condition. Treatment typically includes:
- Insulin therapy: Insulin helps the body use glucose for energy, which reduces the build-up of ketones in the body.
- Fluid replacement: Fluids are given to replace what has been lost due to frequent urination. This helps restore electrolyte balance in the body.
- Electrolyte replacement: Electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, are replaced to restore balance in the body.
- Antibiotics: If there is an infection, antibiotics may be prescribed.
What Is the Outlook for Diabetic Ketoacidosis Treatment Type 2?
The outlook for DKA treatment type 2 is good if it is diagnosed and treated quickly. Treatment usually results in a full recovery. However, it is important to make lifestyle changes to prevent future episodes of DKA, such as sticking to a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and taking all medications as prescribed.
People Also Ask
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